Christians rightly see the outpouring of the Spirit of God on the Day of Pentecost as a marker between the old and the new. God, who had been with His people, now comes and dwells in them.
But it’s easy to use the conflict between those Jews who believed and those who didn’t as a basis for all other evangelistic messages, despite the differences in the biblical situations. Peter accused his people of crucifying their promised Messiah, and the chapters following the Day of Pentecost outpouring record the spiritual battle between those who bore witness to Jesus and those who angrily rejected their witness.
But Jesus had prophesied that their witness would be to those who’d demanded that Jesus be handed over to the Romans to be flogged, mocked and murdered. The apostles had witnessed these events, and so were witnesses for the prosecution (Matthew 10:18; Acts 2:23; 3:13-15).
However, when preaching to Jews in the synagogue at Antioch in Pisidia, the accusative “you” was replaced with “they” (Acts 13:27-29). This because that city was far away from Jerusalem, so few if any Jews there would have known of the arrest of Jesus or have been complicit in his crucifixion.
Likewise, in his address to high-ranking citizens of Athens (Acts 17), the Apostle Paul makes no mention of the crucifixion of Jesus, but only of an appointed day in which God will “judge the world in righteousness by that man whom He has ordained”.
The absolute certainty of this judgement is God’s resurrection of that man from among the dead. When Paul speaks of a literal, physical resurrection, they stop listening. The Greeks believed in life-after-life in a form much like that of their gods. They detested the physical body and death to them meant release from it into spiritual Elysian Fields.
Paul preaches the crucifixion of Jesus in Corinth only to mark God’s wisdom in Jesus as being the exact opposite of the sophisticated wisdom so prized by the Greeks.
My point is that although the Good News of Jesus never changes, those who hear it do, and in each case the Spirit of God emphasizes those aspects of the Gospel message which are appropriate — even if the application of it challenges the culture, the mindset, or the existing order. Christian preachers do well when in preaching the same Gospel message, they are as nimble in applying it in differing locations as Paul the Apostle was in Athens, Corinth, and Thessalonica.